Ultrasonic Range Finder With Arduino | Arduino Workshop

You went to do Ultrasonic Range Finder Using Arduino. Today In this project we’ll make a basic ultrasonic range finder with a screen that shows the distance of an object up to 5 meters from the sensor.

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≡ Required Component

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Here is a list of the hardware we suggest for this tutorial on Ultrasonic Range Finder Using Arduino.

1.Arduino

2. connecting wire

3. Breadboard

4. HD44780 16×2 LCD screen

5.HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor

6.  5K ohm Trim Pot

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≡ Required  Software

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• Arduino Ide
• LiquidCrystal

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≡ The Working principle:

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The ultrasonic range finder Sensor sends out a burst of ultrasound and listens for the echo that bounces off an object. The Arduino sends out a short pulse on the trigger pin to send the ultrasonic burst, at that point listens for a pulse on the echo pin utilizing the pulseIn work.

This duration between sending and receiving the pulse is equal to the time taken by the ultrasound to travel to the object and back to the sensor. The Arduino converts this time to distance and displays it on the LCD screen.

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≡ Circuit diagram Ultrasonic Range Finder Arduino:

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LCD and Potentiometer BUILD With Arduino:

Lest Put your LCD screen within your breadboard, inserting the header pins into the breadboard holes. and Also Put the potentiometer within the breadboard, and utilize jumper wires to connect your LCD screen.

LCD SCREEN	ARDUINO
1 VSS	GND
2 VDD	+5V
3 VO contrast	Potentiometer center pin
4 RS	Pin 11
5 R/W	Pin 10
6 Enable	Pin 9
7 D0	No connection
8 D1	No connection
9 D2	No connection
10 D3	No connection
11 D4	Pin 7
12 D5	Pin 6
13 D6	Pin 5
14 D7	Pin 4
15 A BcL+	+5V
16 K BcL–	GND

≡ Code Ultrasonic Range Finder Arduino:

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For this project, code to begin with calls on the LiquidCrystal library and defines the LCD pins connected to the Arduino. And The  Pin 13 on the Arduino, connected to the trigger pin of the  Ultrasonic sensor, sends an ultrasonic signal out, and Arduino pin 12, connected to the echo pin of the  Ultrasonic sensor, receives the returning signal.

The Arduino converts the time between sending and receiving the signal into distance and shows the result on the LCD screen, in both inches and centimeters. 

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>

LiquidCrystal lcd(11, 10, 9, 7, 6, 5, 4);
int pingPin = 13;
int inPin = 12;

void setup() {
  lcd.begin(16, 2);
  lcd.print("testing...");
}

void loop() {
  // Establish variables for duration of the ping,
  // and the distance result in inches and centimeters:
  // long duration, inches, cm;

  // The PING))) is triggered by a HIGH pulse of 2 ms or more
  // Give a short LOW pulse beforehand to ensure a clean HIGH pulse:
  pinMode(pingPin, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(pingPin, LOW);
  delayMicroseconds(2);
  digitalWrite(pingPin, HIGH);
  delayMicroseconds(10);
  digitalWrite(pingPin, LOW);

  // The same pin is used to read the signal from the PING))):
  // a HIGH pulse whose duration is the time (in microseconds)
  // from the sending of the ping to the reception of its echo off
  // of an object.
  pinMode(inPin, INPUT);
  duration = pulseIn(inPin, HIGH);

  // Convert the time into a distance
  inches = microsecondsToInches(duration);
  cm = microsecondsToCentimeters(duration);

  lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print(inches);
  lcd.print("in, ");
  lcd.print(cm);
  lcd.print("cm");

  delay(100);
}

long microsecondsToInches(long microseconds) {
  // According to Parallax's datasheet for the PING))),
  // there are 73.746 ms/in (i.e. sound travels at 1130 fps).
  // This gives the distance traveled by the ping, outbound,
  // and return, so divide by 2 to get the distance of the obstacle.
  return microseconds / 74 / 2;
}

long microsecondsToCentimeters(long microseconds) {
  // The speed of sound is 340 m/s or 29 ms/cm.
  // The ping travels out and back, so to find the distance
  // of the object, take half of the distance traveled.
  return microseconds / 29 / 2;
}

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